Spiritualitas Misioner Paulus dan Kontekstualisasi Injili di Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.46495/sdjt.v16i1.413Keywords:
Missional spirituality, Paul, Contextualization, Evangelical church, IndonesiaAbstract
This article examines Paul’s missional spirituality in 1 Corinthians 9:19–23 as a theological foundation for Evangelical contextualization in Indonesia. The study aims to explore how Paul’s spirituality can provide a framework for contextual Christian witness within Indonesia’s pluralistic and culturally diverse society. Using a qualitative-theological approach through historical-grammatical and rhetorical analysis, this study argues that Paul’s statement of “becoming all things to all people” reflects a cruciform spirituality shaped by self-emptying and participation in the gospel rather than merely a missionary strategy. The findings show that Paul’s spirituality integrates fidelity to the gospel, contextual sensitivity, and missional engagement without compromising theological identity. This study concludes that authentic contextualization requires incarnational spiritual formation rather than superficial cultural adaptation. The article contributes theological implications for spiritual formation, theological education, discipleship, liturgical contextualization, and the church’s public engagement in Indonesia.
References
Banawiratma, Johannes B., Zainal Abidin Bagir, Fatimah Husein, Suhadi Cholil, Nur Rakhmawati, and Ihsan Ali-Fauzi. Dialog Antarumat Beragama: Gagasan Dan Praktik Di Indonesia. Mizan Publika & Center for Religious and Cross-cultural Studies Universitas Gadjah Mada, 2010.
Bevans, Stephen. Models of Contextual Theology. Maryknoll, NY: Orbis Books, 2002.
Bosch, David Jacobus. Transforming Mission: Paradigm Shifts in Theology of Mission. Maryknoll: Orbis Books, 2011.
Burton, Keith A. “Contextual Hermeneutics: A Wholistic View of Biblical Interpretation.” Ministry: International Journal For Pastors 73 (2000): 25–27.
Chan, Simon. Grassroots Asian Theology: Thinking the Faith from the Ground Up. Downers Grove, IL: IVP Academic, 2014.
Chia, Philip S. “A Dialogue of the Usage of Tapak Dara to Explain the Cross in Christianity.” HTS Teologiese Studies / Theological Studies 80, no. 1 (August 2024). https://doi.org/10.4102/hts.v80i1.9597.
Chia, Philip Suciadi. “Jemaat Philadelphia (Wahyu 3:7-13): Sebuah Tinjauan Dari Bahasa Yunani.” Articles. JURNAL ILUMINASI 4, no. 1 (April 2026). https://doi.org/10.71401/jil.v4i1.78.
Conzelmann, Hans, and Andreas Lindemann. Interpreting the New Testament: An Introduction to the Principles and Methods of New Testament Exegesis. Arbeitsbuch Zum Neuen Testament, edited by Siegfried S. Schatzmann. Peabody, MA: Hendrickson Publishers, 1988.
Cornelius, E. “Paul’s Self-Presentation and His Opinion on the Art of Persuasion in 1 Corinthians.” Acta Theologica 44 (2024): 164–85. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.38140/at.vi.7699.
Danker, Frederick William. “The Concise Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament.” In The Concise Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament. University of Chicago Press, 2009.
Depparua, Agustinus, Yewin Tjandra, and Pieter GO Sunkudon. “Balia, a Healing Tradition among the Kaili People of Indonesia: A Biblical Response.” HTS Teologiese Studies/Theological Studies 82, no. 1 (2026): 11324.
Fairclough, Norman, and Isabela Fairclough. “Textual Analysis.” In Routledge Handbook of Interpretive Political Science, 186–98. Routledge, 2015.
Fee, Gordon D. The First Epistle to the Corinthians. Eerdmans, 2014.
Fitriani, Kristiana, Pieter G. O. Sunkudon, and Joko Santoso. “Mepopoidulu: The Encounter of the Bible with the Bada Tribes in Poso, Indonesia.” Evangelikal: Jurnal Teologi Injili Dan Pembinaan Warga Jemaat 9, no. 2 (2025): 166–80. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.46445/ejti.v9i2.1052.
Garland, David E. 1 Corinthians (Baker Exegetical Commentary on the New Testament). Baker Books, 2025.
Goheen, Michael W. Introducing Christian Mission Today: Scripture, History, and Issues. Downers Grove, IL: IVP Academic, 2014.
Gorman, Michael J. Cruciformity: Paul’s Narrative Spirituality of the Cross. 20th anniversary edition. Grand Rapids, MI: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 2021.
Green, Joel B. Hearing the New Testament: Strategies for Interpretation. Eerdmans, 2010.
Habermas, Jürgen. Between Naturalism and Religion: Philosophical Essays. Cambridge: Polity Press, 2008.
Hermanto, Yanto Paulus, Normando Justine Aulia, David Banjarnahor, Gloria Pumpente, and Iwan Sugandi Tari. “Gereja Di Indonesia Menghadapi Tantangan Masa Depan Berkaitan Dengan Gerakan ‘Religious Pluralism.’” Jurnal Teologi Cultivation 7, no. 1 (July 2023): 199–213. https://doi.org/10.46965/jtc.v7i1.1685.
Hiebert, Paul G. “Critical Contextualization.” International Bulletin on Missionary Research 12, no. 3 (1984): 104–12.
Hutabarat, Franklin. “Navigating Diversity: Exploring Religious Pluralism and Social Harmony in Indonesian Society.” European Journal of Theology and Philosophy 3 (November 2023): 6–13. https://doi.org/10.24018/theology.2023.3.6.125.
Jatmiko, Bakhoh, Cing Sian Thawn, and Sherly Ester Elaine Kawengian. “Mission-Church Type for College Students: A Qualitative Research on Contextual Ministry in Urban Setting.” Article. Evangelikal: Jurnal Teologi Injili Dan Pembinaan Warga Jemaat 9, no. 2 (September 2025): 263–81. https://doi.org/10.46445/ejti.v9i2.1003.
Juanda, J., P. G. O. Sunkudon, and Y. Tjandra. “Comparing Kayori, the Oral Tradition of the Pamona Tribe, Indonesia, with the Psalms.” HTS Teologiese Studies/Theological Studies 81, no. 1 (2025). https://doi.org/10.4102/hts.v81i1.10651.
Kittel, Gerhard, and Gerhard Friedrich, eds. Theological Dictionary of the New Testament. Abridged in One Volume, edited by Geoffrey W. Bromiley. Grand Rapids, MI: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 1985.
Malbon, Elizabeth Struthers. “Structuralism, Hermeneutics, and Contextual Meaning.” Journal of the American Academy of Religion 51, no. 2 (1983): 207–30.
Mawikere, Marde Christian Stenly, and Sudiria Hura. “Paradigma Teologi Injili Mengenai Pendayagunaan Matra-Matra Budaya Dalam Pekabaran Injil Kontekstual.” Jurnal Ilmiah Wahana Pendidikan 8, no. 11 (2022): 59–79.
Mbiti, John S. Bible and Theology in African Christianity. Nairobi: Oxford University Press, 1986.
Michael Frost and Alan Hirsch. The Shaping Of Things To Come Innovation And Mission For The 21st-Century Church. Grand Rapids, Michigan: BakerBooks, 2013.
Nainggolan, D. M. “Intolerance and Fear: A Critical Analysis of Cases of Religious Intolerance in Indonesia Based on a Study by Martha Nussbaum.” Formosa Journal of Multidisciplinary Research 2, no. 1 (2023): 41–45. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.55927/fjmr.v2i1.2802.
Osborne, Grant R. Spiral Hermeneutika: Pengantar Komprehensif Bagi Penafsiran Alkitab. Edited by Edisi revisi. Surabaya: Momentum, 2018.
Pew Research Center. Buddhism, Islam and Religious Pluralism in South and Southeast Asia. Pew Research Center, 2023. . https://www.pewresearch.org/religion/2023/09/12/buddhism-islam-and-religious-pluralism-in-south-and-southeast-asia/.
Riis, Ole. “Modes of Religious Pluralism under Conditions of Globalization.” In Democracy and Human Rights in Multicultural Societies, 251–66. Abingdon, UK: Routledge, 2017. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315095028-12.
Sinaga, Rouli Retta Trifena, Johan Robert Saimima, John Chr. Ruhulessin, and Islahuddin. “Theology of Badati: A Constructive Contextual Theology in Hutumury Society According to Stephen B. Bevans.” Evangelikal: Jurnal Teologi Injili Dan Pembinaan Warga Jemaat 9, no. 1 (March 2025): 120–38. https://doi.org/10.46445/ejti.v9i1.890.
Singgih, Emanuel Gerrit. Dari Ruang Privat Ke Ruang Publik: Sebuah Kumpulan Tulisan Teologi Kontekstual Emanuel Gerrit Singgih. PT Kanisius, 2020.
Sunkudon, P., Daud Daud, Juanda Juanda, Yewin Tjandra, and Selmita Paranoan. “Christ’s Redemption and Giwu: Cultural Contextualisation in Pamona, Indonesia.” HTS Teologiese Studies / Theological Studies, ahead of print, January 17, 2025. https://doi.org/10.4102/hts.v81i1.10217.
Sunkudon, Pieter G. O., and Ester Lengkong. “Reassessing the Emerging Church Movement in Indonesia: An Evangelical Theological Review.” Articles. SANCTUM DOMINE: JURNAL TEOLOGI 15, no. 1 (December 2025): 85–102. https://doi.org/10.46495/sdjt.v15i1.354.
Suryani, Anne, and Ahmad Bukhori Muslim. “The Setting-Religious Intolerance in Indonesia.” In Embracing Diversity: Preparing Future Teachers to Foster Religious Tolerance, 1–12. Netherland: Springer Nature, 2024.
Thiselton, Anthony C. “The First Epistle to the Corinthians: A Commentary on the Greek Text.” In The New International Greek Testament Commentary. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2000.
Wahid Foundation. Laporan Tahunan Kebebasan Beragama Dan Berkeyakinan Di Indonesia. 2022. https://wahidfoundation.org/publikasi/laporan.
Witoro, Johanes. “Challenges of the Church in Facing Religious Pluralism and Its Impact on Church Growth in Indonesia.” JPPI (Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan Indonesia) 8, no. 2 (September 2022): 430. https://doi.org/10.29210/020221529.
World Report 2023: Indonesia. Human Rights Watch, 2023. https://www.hrw.org/world-report/2023/country-chapters/indonesia.
Wright, Christopher JH. The Mission of God: Unlocking the Bible’s Grand Narrative. InterVarsity Press, 2025.
Wright, N. T. Justification: God’s Plan Paul’s Vision. Downers Grove, IL.: InterVarsity Press, 2016.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Citation Check
License
Copyright (c) 2026 SANCTUM DOMINE: JURNAL TEOLOGI
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Copyright:
SANCTUM DOMINE: Jurnal Teologi will validate, produce, disseminate, and act as steward in the long-term curation of every article published. In order to achieve this, the author typically requires a transfer or “assignment” of the copyright in the article. As is the case for open access publishing, the author (or copyright owner of the article, if different) signs an author publishing agreement. The agreement incorporates the necessary transfer of copyright.
After assigning copyright, the author will still retain the right to:
- Be credited as the author of the article.
- Own and exercise any trademark or patent rights held by author and addressed in the article.
- Make printed copies of the article to use for a lecture or class that the author leading on a non-commercial basis.
- Share the article with friends, colleagues and influential people the author would like to read the work.
- Present the article at a meeting or conference and distribute printed copies of the article on a non-commercial basis.
License:
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
You are free to:
- Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format
- Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material
- The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms.
Under the following terms:
- Attribution — You must give appropriate credit , provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made . You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
- NonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes .
- ShareAlike — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original.
- No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
Notices:
You do not have to comply with the license for elements of the material in the public domain or where your use is permitted by an applicable exception or limitation .
No warranties are given. The license may not give you all of the permissions necessary for your intended use. For example, other rights such as publicity, privacy, or moral rights may limit how you use the material.
8.png){kind=logo}
